คำสั่ง apt

ดู help ของคำสั่ง apt

$ apt --help
apt 2.4.8 (amd64)
Usage: apt [options] command

apt is a commandline package manager and provides commands for
searching and managing as well as querying information about packages.
It provides the same functionality as the specialized APT tools,
like apt-get and apt-cache, but enables options more suitable for
interactive use by default.

Most used commands:
  list - list packages based on package names
  search - search in package descriptions
  show - show package details
  install - install packages
  reinstall - reinstall packages
  remove - remove packages
  autoremove - Remove automatically all unused packages
  update - update list of available packages
  upgrade - upgrade the system by installing/upgrading packages
  full-upgrade - upgrade the system by removing/installing/upgrading packages
  edit-sources - edit the source information file
  satisfy - satisfy dependency strings

See apt(8) for more information about the available commands.
Configuration options and syntax is detailed in apt.conf(5).
Information about how to configure sources can be found in sources.list(5).
Package and version choices can be expressed via apt_preferences(5).
Security details are available in apt-secure(8).
                                        This APT has Super Cow Powers.

Update and Upgrade packages

update list of available packages

$ sudo apt update

list packages ที่สามารถอัพเกรดได้

$ apt list --upgradable

upgrade the system by installing/upgrading packages

$ sudo apt upgrade

ทำคำสั่ง apt update และต่อด้วย apt upgrade ด้วยการใช้คำสั่ง &&

When using the && command, the second command will be executed only when the first one has been succcefully executed.

$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Install or Remove package

install packages

$ sudo apt install <package_name>

remove packages

$ sudo apt remove <package_name>

Remove automatically all unused packages

$ sudo apt autoremove

reinstall packages

sudo apt reinstall <package_name>
sudo apt reinstall lighttpd

hold a package ด้วย apt-mark

sudo apt-mark hold <package_name>
sudo apt-mark hold sudo

unhold a package ด้วย apt-mark

sudo apt-mark unhold <package_name>
sudo apt-mark unhold sudo

Other

show package details

To show or see information about the given package(s) including its dependencies, installation and download size, sources the package is available from, the description of the packages content and much more:

$ apt show <package_name>
$ apt show sudo

List package dependency

apt depends <package_name>
apt depends sudo

search in package descriptions

apt search php
apt search mysql-5.?
apt search mysql-server-5.?
apt search httpd*
apt search ^apache
apt search ^nginx
apt search ^nginx$

apt search ค้นหาใน package descriptions ทำให้ได้ข้อมูลเยอะเกิน หา pakcage ที่ต้องการยาก ให้ลองใช้ apt list แทน

apt list
apt list | more
apt list | grep foo
apt list | grep php7-

apt list nginx
apt list 'php7*'

List all installed packages

apt list --installed
apt list --installed | grep <package_name>

Ref